What is the MMBC distinction between a biological casualty and bioterrorism?

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The key distinction is about intent and the focus of concern. A biological casualty refers to the person or people who become ill or injured as a result of a biological incident, regardless of how it started. Bioterrorism, on the other hand, means the deliberate release of a biological agent to cause harm, fear, or disruption. So you can have biological casualties from natural outbreaks or accidents without any deliberate act, while bioterrorism describes the intentional act behind an incident and the motive to inflict harm. This distinction helps guide the response: treat and manage the casualties medically, while bioterrorism triggers additional investigation, public safety, and law-enforcement actions due to its deliberate nature.