Medical Management of Biological Casualties (MMBC) Online Practice Test

Yersinia pestis has a broad host range among mammals, not limited to a single species. The bacterium is carried by fleas that feed on infected animals, enabling transmission across diverse mammal hosts. Classic reservoirs include rats and prairie dogs, which sustain the bacterium in the environment and enable spillover to humans. In addition, there are reports of infection in camels in certain regions, illustrating that infection can occur in domesticated and wild species beyond rodents. Because each listed animal can harbor the pathogen under appropriate ecological conditions, the option that includes all of them correctly reflects the host range.